The oldest stone tools found are dated from 2.7 - 2.9 million years ago. The species that made these tools is unknown.
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Mars had an oxygen-rich atmosphere around 4 billion years ago
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Iceland has been so culturally isolated through history since the Vikings, that compared to other Scandinavian counties, people who speak Icelandic can still read the old Norsk sagas.
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The Lion's Mane Jellyfish is the largest jellyfish in the world. They have been swimming in arctic waters since before the dinosaurs (over 650 million years ago).
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The University of Oxford (teaching since 1096) predates the Aztec empire (1428 - 1521).
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