November 21 in History

Significant events that happened on this day.

Today

Historical Events

1985

Jonathan Pollard, a U.S. Navy intelligence analyst, was arrested for spying for Israel in one of the most damaging espionage cases in American history

Pollard had passed thousands of classified documents to Israel over 18 months, compromising intelligence methods and sources. He pleaded guilty and re...

1980

An estimated 350 million people worldwide watched the 'Who Shot J.R.?' episode of Dallas, one of the most-watched TV episodes ever

The cliffhanger from the previous season had captivated audiences for eight months, sparking international speculation and even betting pools. The rev...

1969

The first ARPANET link was established between UCLA and Stanford, creating the foundation for the modern internet

Major

Computer science professor Leonard Kleinrock and his team successfully connected two computers located 350 miles apart, transmitting the first message...

1964

The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge opened in New York City as the world's longest suspension bridge

Connecting Staten Island and Brooklyn, the bridge had a main span of 4,260 feet, making it the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time. It...

1959

Jack Benny's 'birthday' was celebrated on his TV show, as he famously claimed to be perpetually 39 years old

The comedian's running gag about never aging past 39 became one of the most famous jokes in American entertainment. He continued the bit for decades,...

1945

United Auto Workers began a 113-day strike against General Motors, the longest strike in automotive history at the time

Around 225,000 workers walked off the job demanding a 30% wage increase without price increases on cars. The strike ended in March 1946 with an 18.5%...

1942

The Alaska Highway was completed after just eight months of construction through brutal wilderness conditions

Built primarily by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the 1,700-mile highway connected Alaska to the contiguous United States through Canada. Workers f...

1934

Ella Fitzgerald made her stage debut at the Apollo Theater's Amateur Night at age 17

Originally planning to dance, the young Fitzgerald was so nervous she sang instead, performing 'Judy' and 'The Object of My Affection.' She won first...

1922

Rebecca Felton became the first woman to serve in the United States Senate

At 87 years old, Felton was appointed to fill a vacancy but served for only one day, making it largely ceremonial. Despite the brevity, she shattered...

1905

Albert Einstein's paper on special relativity, introducing E=mc², was published in Annalen der Physik

Major

This paper fundamentally changed our understanding of space, time, and energy, showing that mass and energy are interchangeable. Einstein was working...

1877

Thomas Edison announced the invention of the phonograph, a device that could record and reproduce sound

Major

Edison revealed his talking machine to the world, which used tin foil wrapped around a cylinder to record sound vibrations. His first recorded words w...

1789

North Carolina became the 12th state to ratify the U.S. Constitution, doing so only after the Bill of Rights was promised

North Carolina had initially rejected the Constitution in 1788, making it one of the last original colonies to join the union. The state demanded expl...

1783

The first untethered hot air balloon flight carried humans over Paris for 25 minutes

Major

Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes became the first humans to fly in an untethered hot air balloon, traveling about 5.5 m...

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