July 21 in History

Significant events that happened on this day.

Today

Historical Events

2011

NASA's Space Shuttle Atlantis landed for the final time, ending the 30-year Space Shuttle program

Major

The landing at Kennedy Space Center marked the end of an era that saw 135 missions, deployed the Hubble Space Telescope, and built the International S...

2008

Radovan Karadžić, wanted for genocide and war crimes, was arrested in Belgrade after 13 years in hiding

The former Bosnian Serb leader had been living openly in Belgrade under the alias Dr. Dragan Dabić, practicing alternative medicine with a long beard...

1983

The world's coldest temperature was recorded at Vostok Station in Antarctica at -89.2°C (-128.6°F)

This Soviet research station holds the record for the lowest directly measured temperature on Earth. At these extreme temperatures, human breath insta...

1970

The Aswan High Dam in Egypt was officially completed after 11 years of construction

This massive engineering project created Lake Nasser, one of the world's largest artificial lakes, and controls the annual flooding of the Nile River....

1969

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon

Major

At 2:56 UTC, Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface and spoke the famous words, 'That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.' Aldrin...

1959

The NS Savannah became the world's first nuclear-powered merchant ship to be launched

Named after the SS Savannah, the first steamship to cross the Atlantic, this revolutionary cargo ship could travel 336,000 miles without refueling. De...

1925

The Scopes 'Monkey Trial' ended with John Scopes found guilty of teaching evolution in Tennessee

Major

The high school teacher was fined $100 for violating the Butler Act, which prohibited teaching evolution in state-funded schools. The sensational tria...

1904

The Trans-Siberian Railway was completed, connecting Moscow to Vladivostok across 5,772 miles

This engineering marvel took 13 years to build and remains the longest railway line in the world. The complete journey takes about seven days, crosses...

1897

The Tate Gallery (now Tate Britain) opened to the public in London

Founded by sugar magnate Henry Tate, who donated his collection of British art and funded the building, the gallery started with just 65 paintings. To...

1861

The First Battle of Bull Run became the first major land battle of the American Civil War

Major

Confederate forces defeated Union troops near Manassas, Virginia, shocking Northerners who had expected a quick victory. Spectators from Washington DC...

1831

Belgium's first king, Leopold I, was inaugurated after the country gained independence from the Netherlands

The German prince was chosen to lead the newly independent nation and swore allegiance to the Belgian constitution. Interestingly, he had previously t...

1798

Napoleon Bonaparte's forces decisively defeated the Mamluk army at the Battle of the Pyramids near Cairo

Napoleon famously told his troops, 'Soldiers, forty centuries look down upon you,' referring to the nearby pyramids. The French forces used superior t...