Why Babies Have More Bones Than Adults

Here's something to wrap your head around: the tiny baby in your arms has significantly more bones than you do. While adults walk around with 206 bones, newborns enter the world with somewhere between 270 and 300 separate bones and cartilage structures.

So where do all those extra bones go? They don't disappear—they fuse together.

Built for Birth

There's brilliant engineering behind this design. A baby's skull, for instance, isn't one solid piece. It's made up of several bone plates separated by soft spots called fontanelles. This allows the head to compress slightly during birth—crucial for fitting through the birth canal.

Those soft spots typically close up by 18 to 24 months as the skull bones knit together into the solid protective shell adults have.

The Great Bone Merger

The fusion process happens throughout childhood and adolescence:

• Skull bones: Fuse during infancy and early childhood
• Spine: Vertebrae that start as three separate pieces each fuse into single bones
• Pelvis: Three bones on each side (ilium, ischium, pubis) merge into one hip bone during puberty
• Sacrum: Five separate vertebrae fuse into one triangular bone by your mid-20s

Much of what babies have isn't technically bone yet anyway—it's cartilage that gradually hardens through a process called ossification. This is why children's bones are more flexible and less likely to break cleanly than adult bones.

The Timeline

Most bone fusion is complete by your early 20s, but the final piece—your clavicle, or collarbone—doesn't fully finish developing until around age 25. The sacrum and coccyx (tailbone) can continue fusing into your late 20s or even early 30s.

This is actually why forensic scientists can estimate age from skeletal remains. The pattern of which bones have fused and which haven't tells a remarkably accurate story.

Flexibility by Design

That extra flexibility in infant bones isn't a bug—it's a feature. Babies are essentially little acrobats learning to navigate the world. They fall constantly. Having bones that bend rather than snap gives them a serious advantage during those wobbly first years of walking, climbing, and tumbling.

As we age and our movements become more controlled, the skeletal system gradually trades flexibility for strength and stability. By adulthood, our 206 fused bones form a rigid framework capable of supporting our full weight and protecting vital organs.

So the next time you see a baby, remember: they're literally carrying around about 70 more bones than you are. They just won't keep them for long.