đUpdated for accuracy
Julie d'Aubigny (c.1670-1707) is a documented historical figure. She was a principal performer at the Paris Academie Royale de Musique (Paris Opera), debuting in 1690. The convent escape story is historically accepted in broad outline, but the specific detail of placing a dead nun's body in the lover's bed is flagged by historians as likely embellished by later sources (particularly ThĂ©ophile Gautier's 19th-century account). The death sentence in absentia is confirmed â tried under the male title "Sieur." The pardon was secured through her patron the Comte d'Armagnac petitioning Louis XIV, not through the king's personal amusement (a popular embellishment). Her dueling record is documented in period accounts. She received two royal pardons. Sources: Wikipedia, Los Angeles Public Library, Rejected Princesses, Classic FM, Gautier, Kelly Gardiner biography.
Julie d'Aubigny â known as La Maupin â was a 17th-century French opera singer and one of the most feared swordfighters in Paris. When her girlfriend's parents sent the girl to a convent, Julie checked in as a novice, placed a dead nun's body in her lover's bed, set the building on fire, and escaped with her. She was sentenced to death. The king pardoned her. She went on to perform at the Paris OpĂ©ra for 15 years.
She Was an Opera Singer. A Swordswoman. And She Once Burned Down a Convent to Rescue Her Girlfriend.
The Swordswoman
Julie d'Aubigny was born around 1670, the daughter of Gaston d'Aubigny, who served as secretary to Louis de Lorraine-Guise, the Count of Armagnac and Grand Squire of France. Her father trained the pages of the Count's court in swordsmanship â and he trained his daughter alongside them. By her teens, she was one of the most skilled fencers in Paris.
She began performing in sword exhibitions dressed as a man, using the stage name "La Maupin." She also took up singing and quickly proved to be a remarkable contralto.
The Convent
In her early twenties, Julie fell in love with a young woman in Marseille. When the woman's parents discovered the relationship, they sent their daughter to the Visitandine convent in Avignon to end the affair.
Julie's response was not to accept this. She entered the convent herself as a novice, gaining access to the grounds. When a nun in the convent died of natural causes, Julie took the body from the morgue, placed it in her lover's bed, and set the cell on fire. In the chaos and confusion of the blaze, she and her lover escaped into the night.
She was tried in absentia â under a male alias â and sentenced to death by fire. The sentence was never carried out.
The Opéra
Julie joined the Paris Opéra, where she became one of the most celebrated performers of her generation. Offstage, her reputation was equally dramatic. At a royal ball, she kissed a young woman on the dance floor. Three noblemen challenged her to duels over the incident. She fought all three that night and won all three, reportedly returning to the ball to continue dancing.
King Louis XIV eventually pardoned her for the convent incident, likely amused by her audacity and unwilling to lose one of his opera's finest singers.
The End
Julie d'Aubigny died around 1707, at approximately 37 years of age. Some accounts say she entered a convent herself â voluntarily this time â after the death of a lover. The woman who had once broken into a convent to steal someone out reportedly spent her final days in quiet reflection inside one.
