Czechoslovakia Facts

A 29-year-old London stockbroker secretly organised 8 trains that smuggled 669 Jewish children out of Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia in 1939 - forging documents, bribing officials, finding British families - then told nobody for 50 years. In 1988, the BBC invited him to sit in a studio audience without explaining why. The host asked anyone who owed their life to Nicholas Winton to stand. The entire row behind him rose. He had no idea they were there.

American cavalry soldiers teamed up with German troops who had just surrendered to them. Together they fought off the SS to save more than 1,200 horses in Czechoslovakia. The herd included Lipizzaner mares and foals that stock Vienna's Spanish Riding School. Colonel Charles Reed organized the raid days before Soviet tanks reached the farm. The Lipizzaner bloodline survived the war.