Ancient Rome Facts

In 2009, archaeologists in Modena, Italy discovered two skeletons buried holding hands for 1,500 years. Originally assumed to be a romantic couple, a 2019 DNA study revealed both individuals were male—making it the first known burial of two men holding hands from antiquity.

In many countries, urine was used as a detergent for washing.

There's a fish, known as Salema porgy, that causes severe hallucinations for up to 36 hours when ingested. During the Roman Empire, it was a party drug.

Ancient Romans prized a plant called Silphium so highly for its medicinal and contraceptive properties that they harvested it into extinction by the first century AD.

The word 'mile' is derived from the Latin word for 1,000 - the number of paces it took the average Roman!

A retired gardener borrowed a metal detector in 1992 to find a lost hammer in a Suffolk field. Instead, he uncovered 14,865 Roman coins and 200 pieces of ancient jewelry - the largest late Roman treasure hoard ever found in Britain, valued at £1.75 million. They found the hammer too. It's in the British Museum.

In April 2024, archaeologists in Pompeii uncovered a 15-metre banqueting hall with jet-black walls and vivid frescoes of Helen of Troy meeting Paris - sealed under volcanic ash since 79 CE. Nearly 2,000 years in the dark, and the dinner party was still on.

The Pantheon has stood in Rome for nearly 2,000 years, its concrete dome outlasting every modern equivalent. For centuries, engineers blamed the white chunks in Roman concrete on sloppy mixing. In 2023, MIT found the opposite: those "lime clasts" are the secret. When a crack forms and water seeps in, they react and recrystallize to seal it - the concrete heals its own cracks, 2,000 years before we understood the chemistry.

Archaeologists have found around 130 strange bronze objects across the old Roman Empire. Each one has twelve flat faces and a knob on every corner. Holes of different sizes are cut into every side. Some fit in a palm. Some are as big as a grapefruit. No Roman text, painting, or mosaic ever mentions them. Two thousand years later, nobody knows what they were built for.

Pamukkale in southwestern Turkey means Cotton Castle, and it looks like snow that never melts. Hot spring water loaded with calcium carbonate has crept down this hillside for hundreds of thousands of years, hardening into blinding white terraced pools. People have bathed in them since Roman times. The ancient spa city of Hierapolis was built right on top, and the whole site is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.